Factors Affecting Hemoglobin A1C in the Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes in Youth

Published: Journal of Pediatric Nursing
Date:
Authors: Jennifer McGuire Hitt 1 , Pedro Velasquez-Mieyer 2 , Claudia Neira 2 , Patricia Cowan 3
Abstract:
We sought to examine the correlation between variables and A1C levels to determine if prediction modeling could be used in the screening and diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes in youth. We also sought to test relationships between A1C levels to insulin sensitivity indices and β-cell function indices. Design and methods: We performed a retrospective review of 904 medical records from youth deemed at-risk for the disease.

A century of trends in adult human height

Published: Elife
Date:
Authors: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
Abstract:
Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5-22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3-19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8-144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.

Diabetes Care in Venezuela

Published: Annals of Global Health
Date:
Authors: Ramfis Nieto-Martínez 1 , Juan P González-Rivas 2 , Marcos Lima-Martínez 3 , Victoria Stepenka 4 , Alejandro Rísquez 5 , Jeffrey I Mechanick 6
Abstract:
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its economic burden have increased in Venezuela, posing difficult challenges in a country already in great turmoil.

Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331,288 participants

Published: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Date:
Authors: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
Abstract:
Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabetes in a pooled analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys in different regions.

Transcultural diabetes nutrition algorithm (tDNA): Venezuelan application

Published: Nutrients
Date:
Authors: Ramfis Nieto-Martínez 1 , Osama Hamdy 2 , Daniel Marante 3 , María Inés Marulanda 4 , Albert Marchetti 5 , Refaat A Hegazi 6 , Jeffrey I Mechanick 7
Abstract:
Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a necessary component of comprehensive type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, but optimal outcomes require culturally-sensitive implementation.

A pilot study of QT interval analysis in overweight and obese youth

Published: Applied Nursing Research
Date:
Authors: Shirleatha Lee 1 , Patricia Ann Cowan, Pedro Velasquez-Mieyer
Abstract:
This descriptive pilot study examined if manual corrected QT (QTc) interval measures obtained from a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) correlated with automated 24-hour ambulatory Holter QTc measures in 30 overweight and obese youth aged 12-17 years.

Prediabetes and blood pressure effects on heart rate variability, QT-interval duration, and left ventricular hypertrophy in overweight-obese adolescents

Published: The Journal of Pediatric Nursing
Date:
Authors: Shirleatha Lee 1 , Patricia Ann Cowan, Glenn T Wetzel, Pedro Velasquez-Mieyer
Abstract:
This ancillary, descriptive correlational study examined the effect of glucose regulation, blood pressure (BP), and their combined effects on cardiac autonomic function in 128 overweight-obese 11-18-year-olds.

Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly versus sitagliptin or pioglitazone as an adjunct to metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes (DURATION-2): a randomised trial

Published: The Lancet
Date:
Authors: Richard M Bergenstal 1, Carol Wysham, Leigh Macconell, Jaret Malloy, Brandon Walsh, Ping Yan, Ken Wilhelm, Jim Malone, Lisa E Porter, DURATION-2 Study Group
Abstract:
Most patients with type 2 diabetes begin pharmacotherapy with metformin, but eventually need additional treatment. We assessed the safety and efficacy of once weekly exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, versus maximum approved doses of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, or the thiazolidinedione, pioglitazone, in patients treated with metformin.